满语词汇化现象研究

• 作者： 唐千航 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  黑龙江大学
• 提交时间：2024-09-09

摘要: 词汇化（lexicalization）指短语或屈折词形脱离其形成时的能产规则后逐渐固化为一个单词的过程。满语中许多单词是经历词汇化过程而形成的。词汇化与派生（derivation）、截搭（blending）、词基修饰（base modification）等都属于满语中广义的构词方法。词汇化与派生、合成（compound）、截搭等构词法以及词组搭配（collocation）、迂言表现（Periphrastic expression）等句法结构之间存在紧密联系，同时又有一定的区别，对这些词法概念进行辨析使满语的词法系统更为清晰。通过单词的原组成成分，可以将满语的词汇化单词分为“实词+助词”“词干+屈折词尾”“实词+实词”三种类型。满语中的词汇化单词在音系、形态、功能上都呈现出显著的特征。对词汇化的探索有助于深化满语词法系统研究，为进一步在类型学、描写语言学、形式语言学等视角展开满语研究奠定基础。

Abstract: Lexicalization refers to the process by which a phrase or inflection form is out of from the productive rules at the time of its formation and then gradually solidify into a word. Many words in Manchu are formed through a process of lexicalization. Lexicalization and derivation, blending, and word base modification all belong to the generalized word formation methods in Manchu. There is a close relationship between lexicalization and word formation methods such as derivation, compound and blending, as well as syntactic structures such as word collocation and periphrastic expression, and at the same time, there are certain differences, and the analysis of these morphologic concepts makes the morphologic system of Manchu more clear. Through the original components of words, the lexicalization words of Manchu can be divided into three types: "lexeme word + particle", "stem + inflection affix", and " lexeme word + lexeme word ". The lexicalization words in Manchu show significant characteristics in terms of phonology, morphology, and function. The exploration of lexicalization is helpful to deepen the study of Manchu morphologic system, and lays a foundation for further research on Manchu from the perspectives of linguistic typology, descriptive linguistics, and formal linguistics.

• 来自： 唐千航
• 分类： 中国语言文学 >> 中国少数民族语言文学
• 稿件状态： 未投稿
• 引用： PSSXiv:202409.01314 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202409.01314V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202409.01314
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202409.01314
• 推荐引用方式： 唐千航.满语词汇化现象研究.哲学社会科学预印本平台:https://zsyyb.cn/abs/202409.01314.[PSSXiv:202409.01314V1] (点此复制)