先秦买卖契约文书“质剂”法律效力的时空属性考

• 作者： 康胜利 ¹
• 作者单位：
  1.  广西民族大学管理学院
• 提交时间：2024-09-10

摘要: 作为我国最早的买卖契约，“质剂”的法律效力于《周礼》有简要记载，但这些记载是 否真实、其时空属性设定是否可行，至今未被有效考证。文章基于先秦典籍和考古实物等多重证 据，从历史语言学角度厘清“旬”“期”等时间类名词和“国中”“郊”“野”“都”“邦国”等空间类 概念，用历史地理学研究法将《周礼》所载“质剂”法律时效与西周行政区划进行对比验证，发现 其匹配程度高、现实可行性强，指出《周礼》对“质剂”法律效力的记载是可信的。据此阐明讼主 逾期不至的原因、商品所有权变更不适用“质剂”的法律时效及其时空属性设定对司法体系现代 化建设的启示，旨在丰富历史文书学理论内容和促进档案管理实践改革。

Abstract: As the earliest sales contract document in China, the legal validity of Zhi Ji is briefly recorded in Zhou Li, but whether these records are true and whether their time and space attribute settings are feasible have not been effectively verified so far. Based on multiple evidences such as pre-Qin classics and archaeological objects, from the perspective of historical linguistics, this study accurately distinguishes and defines time nouns such as "Xun" and "Ji" and space concepts such as "Guo Zhong" (national center), "Jiao" (suburbs), "Ye" (wilds), "Du" (capital) and "Bang Guo" (vassal state), using historical geography research methods to compare and verify the legal statute of limitations of Zhi Ji recorded in Zhou Li and the spatial settings such as the administrative divisions of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the study found that it has a high degree of matching and is consistent with the historical facts of the Western Zhou Dynasty's social economy and transportation, and has reasonable practical feasibility. It is pointed out that the record of the legal effect of Zhi Ji in Zhou Li is credible. In addition, this paper explains and discusses the two reasons why the litigants fail to arrive after the deadline, the change of ownership of goods does not apply to the legal limitation of Zhi Ji, and the enlightenment of the setting of the legal effect of Zhi Ji in the time and space attribute to the development of the current judicial system, this study aims to enrich the theoretical content of historical documents and promote the reform of archival management practice.

• 分类： 信息资源管理 >> 档案学
• 稿件状态： 已在期刊出版
期刊名称： 《档案与建设》 2024年 第8期
• 引用： PSSXiv:202409.00868 (或此版本 PSSXiv:202409.00868V1)
  DOI:10.12451/202409.00868
  CSTR:32012.36.PSSXiv.202409.00868
• 推荐引用方式： 康胜利.先秦买卖契约文书“质剂”法律效力的时空属性考.档案与建设,2024(8).[PSSXiv:202409.00868V1] (点此复制)